Free surface flow impacting on an elastic structure: Experiment versus numerical simulation     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the phenomenon of free surface flow impacting on elastic structures, which is a research topic of great interest in ship and ocean engineering. A series of quasi two-dimensional experiments on dam-break with an elastic plate are conducted. The main features of free surface flow impacting on elastic structures including large impacting force, structural vibration, violent free surface flow, are investigated. The coupled FDM–FEM method developed by the authors is applied for numerical simulation of such dam-break problem. Extensive analysis and discussion based on the comparisons between experimental data and numerical results are made and presented in this paper.  相似文献   

Viscosity and nonlinearity effects on the forces and waves generated by a floating twin hull under heave oscillation     

《Applied Ocean Research》2015

Nonlinear hydrodynamics of a twin rectangular hull under heave oscillation is analyzed using numerical methods. Two-dimensional nonlinear time-domain solutions to both inviscid and viscous problems are obtained and the results are compared with linear, inviscid frequency-domain results obtained in [26] to quantify nonlinear and viscous effects. Finite-difference methods based on boundary-fitted coordinates are used for solving the governing equations in the time domain [2]. A primitive-variables based projection method [6] is used for the viscous analysis and a mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian formulation [11] for inviscid analysis. The algorithms are validated and the order of accuracy determined by comparing the results obtained from the present algorithm with the experimental results of Vugt [22] for a heaving rectangle in the free surface. The present study on the twin-hull hydrodynamics shows that at large and non-resonant regular frequencies, and small amplitude of body oscillation, the fluid viscosity does not significantly affect the wave motion and the radiation forces. At low frequencies however the viscosity effect is found to be significant even for small amplitude of body oscillation. In particular, the hydrodynamic force obtained from the nonlinear viscous analysis is found to be closer to the linear inviscid force than the nonlinear inviscid force to the linear inviscid force, the reason for which is attributed to the wave dampening effect of viscosity. Since the wave lengths generated at smaller frequencies of oscillation are longer and therefore the waves could have a more significant effect on the dynamic pressure on the bottom of the hulls which contribute to the heave force, the correlation between the heave force and the wave elevation is found to be larger at smaller frequencies. Because of nonlinearity, the wave radiation and wave damping force remained nonzero even at and around the resonant frequencies – with the resonant frequencies as determined in [26] using linear potential flow theory. As to be expected, the nonlinear effect on the wave force is found to be significant at all frequencies for large amplitude of oscillation compared to the hull draft. The effect of viscosity on the force, by flow separation, is also found to be significant for large amplitude of body oscillation.  相似文献   

水动力对越南巴达棱湾表层沉积物和岸滩的影响     

杨阳  李锐祥  乔光全  刘愉强  肖志建  朱鹏利 《海洋学报》2015,37(5):68-75

基于越南巴达棱湾2007年4月采集的42个表层沉积物样品及实测水文资料,分析越南巴达棱湾表层沉积物特征,并结合GSTA模型分析表层沉积物的运移趋势。结果表明:越南巴达棱湾表层沉积物以粗颗粒为主,在潮流和波浪的作用下呈中西部粗、东部细的分布特征;其西侧表层沉积物沿岸线自西南向湾内运移,中西近岸区沉积物垂直于岸线做离岸输移,在湾的东侧存在自东北向西南的运移趋势,并与从湾西运移过来的底沙相遇,形成运移辐聚区,并在余流的作用下,向西运移;"波浪掀沙,潮流输沙"是该地区表层沉积物输运的主要作用机制;在波浪的作用下,研究海域的海岸线处于侵蚀状态,有后退的趋势。  相似文献   

水声导航、定位技术发展趋势   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙大军  郑翠娥 《海洋技术学报》2015,34(3):64-68

水声导航、定位技术在海洋科学和海洋工程中有着广泛的应用,近年来已逐渐向高精度、多传感器、多手段融合的方向发展.本文以导航、定位声纳的发展为关注对象,概述了水声导航、定位技术在技术前沿上的发展状况,提炼出其技术发展趋势,并介绍了水声导航、定位技术的应用前景.  相似文献   

北京西南部地区大气污染分析     

张薇  高迎新  李杰  杨浩丽 《气象科技》2015,43(4):734-739

近年来北京的气象特征、雾霾发生频次、能见度变化特征及特点受到越来越多的关注。利用北京西南地区代表站的能见度,通过回归分析、Mann Kendall趋势分析突变检验方法等,对近34年能见度的变化特征及突变性进行了分析研究,发现平原地区和山区日平均能见度年际变化均呈下降趋势,季节变化以春冬季能见度较好,日变化显著,平原站年均能见度在1997年前后出现突变。结合常规地面观测要素进行了相关分析,发现能见度与湿度相关性最好。利用房山区环保局提供的2013年全年污染物浓度数据,分析能见度与污染指数的关系,发现在各污染因子中,PM25同能见度的相关性最好,SO2相关性最差,为今后污染治理提供参考依据。  相似文献   

夏季东亚地区AOD与地面太阳辐射变化的联系及季风环流异常:季节趋势影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

孙一  管兆勇  马奋华  夏阳 《大气科学学报》2015,38(2):165-174

利用2000—2013年MODIS-Terra卫星产品提供的气溶胶光学厚度(aerosol optical depth,AOD)资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料集,使用奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)方法,分析了夏季东亚地区AOD与到达地面太阳辐射(downward solar radiation flux,DSRF)相联系的主要模态,并分析了其与夏季风变化的关系。夏季多年平均的AOD分布显示,在东亚地区存在两个AOD大值区(0.9),分别位于山东、河南、河北交界处附近以及苏中部分地区。而在福建、台湾及其附近洋面上,夏季AOD的值小于0.4。地面太阳辐射总体上呈现出由南往北递增的分布。比较发现,AOD与地面太阳辐射的气候分布较为相似。在保留季节趋势的情况下,运用SVD方法对两者进行分解,结果表明东亚地区AOD与地面太阳辐射表现出较好的正相关关系。由于相对于年际变化而言,季节趋势是更为主要的部分,因而这种同相关系可归因于季风活动的季节性进程。利用SVD1左场时间系数进行相关分析发现:6月(2013年除外),当中国东部气溶胶AOD大而地面太阳辐射亦大时,在中国东南部以及日本岛南部地区,由于气流辐合增强和存在较强的上升运动,降水偏多,而由于副高位置偏南,使得中国中东部偏北地区水汽供应偏弱,降水偏少。由于地面净太阳辐射增强,华北部分地区异常增暖。8月,大陆上空AOD为负(时间系数为负),地面太阳辐射减少,北方降水增多而南方降水减少,华北地区有一小范围的异常降温。上述结果表明北方气溶胶明显偏少时,云量增加,降水将增多,且辐射明显减弱;说明夏季风的季节进程对气溶胶、到达地面的太阳辐射变化等具有重要影响。  相似文献   

Modeling of Arctic Sea Ice Variability During 1948–2009: Validation of Two Versions of the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model(CICE)          下载免费PDF全文

WU Shu-Qiang  ZENG Qing-Cun  BI Xun-Qiang 《大气和海洋科学快报》2015,8(4)

The Los Alamos sea ice model(CICE) is used to simulate the Arctic sea ice variability from 1948 to 2009. Two versions of CICE are validated through comparison with Hadley Centre Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature(Had ISST) observations. Version 5.0 of CICE with elastic-viscous-plastic(EVP) dynamics simulates a September Arctic sea ice concentration(SASIC) trend of –0.619 × 1012 m2 per decade from 1969 to 2009, which is very close to the observed trend(-0.585 × 1012 m2 per decade). Version 4.0 of CICE with EVP dynamics underestimates the SASIC trend(-0.470 × 1012 m2 per decade). Version 5.0 has a higher correlation(0.742) with observation than version 4.0(0.653). Both versions of CICE simulate the seasonal cycle of the Arctic sea ice, but version 5.0 outperforms version 4.0 in both phase and amplitude. The timing of the minimum and maximum sea ice coverage occurs a little earlier(phase advancing) in both versions. Simulations also show that the September Arctic sea ice volume(SASIV) has a faster decreasing trend than SASIC.  相似文献   

西南地区极端降水变化趋势   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4  

罗玉  范广洲  周定文  华维  李金建 《气象科学》2015,35(5):581-586

利用西南地区90个气象台站1970-2010年逐日降水量资料,依据世界气象组织(WMO)定义的连续5d最大降水量、总降水量、强降水比等6种极端降水指数,采用F检验、11a滑动平均等统计方法,研究了西南地区极端强降水变化趋势的时空变化特征。在时间上,西南地区近41年来冬、春、夏季连续5d最大降水量缓慢波动上升,秋季连续5d最大降水量呈下降趋势;强降水、降水强度及强降水比呈上升趋势,但总降水量和最长持续无降水日数呈减少趋势;另外,各极端降水指数还存在明显的年际、年代际变化。在空间上,西南地区极端降水变化趋势具有显著的地域差异,呈东西或西北东南向梯度变化特征。其中冬季连续5d最大降水量、降水强度、强降水比及最长持续无降水日数,在西南大部分地区呈增加趋势。秋季连续5d最大降水量与总降水量在西南大部分地区呈减少趋势。而春、夏季连续5d最大降水量和强降水的增减区域大致相当。  相似文献   

Cosmological constraints on galaxy cluster structure     

《Astroparticle Physics》2015

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地下水水质评价与预测方法综述     

李扬  窦炳臣  陈振  王学民  原明考 《山东国土资源》2015,31(8)

近年来,地下水水质安全引起了社会广泛的关注,国内外学者开展了大量水质评价与预测研究,本文综合了当前几种广泛应用的水质评价与预测方法,对比了各自的适用性与局限性,展望了今后水质评价与预测发展的趋势,以期为地下水管理、开发利用提供参考依据。  相似文献